Thuật ngữ Golf -English (A-G)

Ace A hole made in one stroke
Address The stance taken by a player in preparing to hit the ball. The positioning of your body in relationship to the golf ball. Same as "addressing the ball".
Amateur A golfer who plays without monetary compensation.
Angle of approach - The angle or degree at which the club moves downward, or upward, toward the ball.
Approach shot Normally a short or medium shot played to the putting green or pin
Apron The grassy area surrounding the putting surface. See fringe.
Attend the flag To hold and then remove the flag while another player putts.
Away The ball that is the greatest distance from the hole when more than one golfer is playing. It is the first to be played.
Back nine The last 9 holes of an 18 hole course
Backspin A reverse spin placed on the ball to make in stop short on the putting surface
Backswing The backward part of the swing starting from the ground and going back over the head
Balata A hard, resilient sap-like substance from the South American Balata tree that is used to make a cover for rubber-cored golf balls.
Ball The round object which we attempt to hit into the hole. Prior to the 17th century it was made of wood or wool in a leather cover. After the 17th century feathers were boiled and compressed, then sewn in a leather cover. It continued to evolve to a solid gutta percha (or a mixture with gutta percha other substances) in the 1850's and strip rubber wound around a core in the 1900's. Presently made of solid compressed synthetic rubber with hundreds of surface indentations which aid in the flight of the ball.
Ball marker A token or a small coin used to spot the balls position on the green
Ball retriever A long pole with a scoop on the end which is used to collect balls from water hazards and other areas.
Ball washer A device for cleaning golf balls. What else?
Bend The curve on a shot created by sidespin.
Bent grass Type of grass seen for the most part on Northern courses. It is of the genus Agrostis, native to North America and Eurasia. It is a hardy and resilient type of grass that can be cut very short.
Bermuda Type of grass seen mostly on Southern courses in North America. Of the type Cynodon dactylon. Originally native to southern Europe. It was introduced to warmer areas of the world to be used on courses where bent grass will not grow.
Best ball A match in which one player plays against the better of two balls or the best ball of three players. Also the better score of two partners in a four-ball or best-ball match.
Birdie One stroke under par for a hole. Also possibly derived from the term "It flew like a bird" to indicate a good shot.
Bite The backspin imparted on the ball that makes the ball stop dead, or almost so, with little or no roll.
Blade A. The hitting part of an iron club head, not including the hostel. B. To hit the ball with the leading edge of the blade of an iron.
Blade Putter A type of putter with an iron head with the basic form the same as other standard numbered irons.
Blast A shot that takes a large amount of sand with it when hitting out of a sand trap. An explosion shot.
Block To play a shot by delaying the rotation of the wrists during a swing. This causes the clubface not to be square at the point of impact resulting in a sliced ball.
Bogey A score of one over par for the hole. To play a hole in one stroke over par.
Boundary The edge of the golf course that defines the area of play.
Spectator, etc. and bounces back into play. Sample usage: "I would have bogeyed the fourth
Bunker an depression in bare ground that is usually covered with sand. Also called a "sand trap". It is considered a hazard under the Rules of Golf.
Burn The Scottish term for a creek or stream
Caddie (caddy) someone who carries a player's club during play and offers him assistance in accordance with the rules.
Card A card used to record scores in stroke play.
Cart A two-wheeled trolley on which golf is fitted and pulled around the course.
Casual water Any temporary accumulations of water that are visible before or after a player takes his stance and is not a hazard or in a water hazard. A player may lift his ball from casual water without penalty
Venter shafted Putter in which the shaft is joined to the center of the head.
Chip shot A short approach shot of low trajectory usually hit from near the green. It is normally hit with over spin or bite.
Chip-and-run A chip shot including the run of the ball after landing.
Choke To grip down farther on the club handle.
Closed stance The left foot extends over the balls line of flight while the right foot is back
Closed face when the clubface is pointed to the left of the target when you address the ball.
Closed stance A stance taken with the right foot pulled back, away from the ball.
Club The implement used in golf to strike the ball. Consists of a shaft, grip and a club head of wood or metal.
Club head The hitting area of the club.
Clubhouse The main building on the course.
Collar The grassy fringe surrounding the putting green.
Compression The flattening of the ball against the clubface at impact. Also the degree of resilience of a ball.
Core The center of the golf ball.
Course The playing area which is usually made up of 9 or 18 holes with each hole having a tee off area, fairway and green
Course rating The comparison of playing one course as opposed to another in terms of difficulty. It is expressed in strokes or decimal fractions of strokes. The yardage of the course and the ability of a scratch golfer are the basis for determination
Cross-handed grip A grip where your left hand is below the right.
Cup The container in the hole holds the flagstick in pace.
Cut shot A controlled shot those results in the ball stopping almost immediately on the green without roll.
Dimple The round indentations on the golf ball cover which are scientifically designed to enable the ball to make a steady and true flight
Divot A piece of turf removed with by the club when making a shot. It is always replaced and tamped down.
Dogleg A left or right bend in the fairway
Dormice When playing in match play, being five up with five to go, four up with four left, etc. To be as many holes up as there are to play. Sometimes spelled dorm.
Double bogey A score of two over par for a single hole
Double eagle A score of three under par for a single hole. Same as "albatross"
Downhill lie when addressing the ball and your right foot is higher than your left (for right-handed players).
Downswing The motion of swinging a club from the top of the swing to the point of impact.
Draw shot A controlled "hook" used to get in position for the next shot or get out of trouble. A shot that curves from left to right. To play a shot so that it curves owing to sidespin from right to left with a right-handed player. Conversely from right to left for a left-handed player.
Drive To hit the ball with maximum force and full stroke. Usually with a driver from the tee.
Drive-and-pitch The type of hole on which the green can be reached with a drive and a pitch. Could also refer to a course where all holes are of this type.
Driver The longest-hitting modern wooden club, used primarily from the tee when maximum distance is required. Also called the No. 1 wood.
Driving range An area or building used for the purpose of practicing tee-shots and other strokes.
Drop To deposit the ball on the course after which you put the ball back in play after it has been declared unplayable or after the ball has been lost.
Eagle Two strokes under par for a single hole. To play a hole at 2 under par.
Eight-iron An iron club giving distance of between 115-150 yards. Also called a pitching nib lick.
Equipment Anything that is used by a player or is carried or worn. His ball in play is not included
Explode To hit the ball from sand using a steeply lofted club with the club hitting into the sand behind the ball and spraying a large amount of sand.
Explosion shot A shot that takes large quantities of sand out of a sand trap.
Extra hole As with extra innings, golfers play extra hole to break a tie.
Face The hitting area or surface of the club head
Fade A term used to describe the slight turning of the ball from left to right (by a right-handed player) at the end of its flight. From right to left for a left-handed player.
Fairway The area of the course between the tee and the green that is well-maintained allowing a good lie for the ball
Fairway wood Any other wooden club other than a driver.
Feathery An old leather ball stuffed with compressed feathers. Replaced by the gutta percha after 1848. Also spelled feathery.
Fescue Grass of the genus Festuca, widely used on for rough on golf courses>
Five-iron An iron club used for distances between 145-180 yards for men's clubs. Also known as a mashie.
Five-wood A wooden club used for distances between 190-210 yards for men's clubs.
Flag The marker attached to the flagstick.
Flagstick A movable marker to show the location of the hole
Flange The additional surface of the club head which protrudes at the sole
Flex The amount of bend or the degree of stiffness of the club shaft.
May be placed in a flight.
Follow-through The continuation of the swing after the ball has been hit.
Fore An expression used to warn anyone who may be in danger from the flight of the ball.
Forecaddie Someone employed by the course or tournament committee to mark the position of a player's ball
Foursome A term given to four players playing together. Also a match in which two players play against another two players with each side playing one ball.
Free drop A drop where no penalty stroke is incurred.
Fringe Same as "apron"
Front side The first nine holes of an 18 hole course.
Gallery The group of tournament spectators.
Gimme: A putt that is certain to be made on the next shot and will most likely be conceded by an opponent.
Golf glove A glove generally worn by a right-handed golfer on the left hand, and by a left-handed golfer on the right hand, to improve the grip.
Goose-neck Having the neck of a club curved so that the heel is slightly offset from the line of the shaft.
Grain: The direction in which the grass on a putting lies after it has been shortly cut
Graphite - A lightweight material used to make shafts and club heads.
Green: The whole golf course according to golf rules. However, in popular usage, it refers to the putting surface.
Green fee The charge made by the course to allow the player to use the course.
Green keeper The employee of the club who is responsible for the maintenance of the course.
Greenside Adjacent to the putting green.
Grip: The part of the shaft by which the club is held. Covered with leather or other material. Also means the manner in which you hold the club
Groove Linear scoring on a clubface.
Gross: The total number of strokes required to complete a round of golf BEFORE the player's handicap is deducted
Grounding the club Placing the club head behind the ball at address.
Ground under repair: any part of the course so marked by order of the Committee or so declared by its authorized representative [this means it is not ANY part being repaired!]. It includes material piled for removal and a hole made by a green keeper, even if not so marked.
All ground and any grass, bush, tree or other growing thing within the ground under repair is part of the ground under repair. The margin of ground under repair extends vertically downward, but not upward. Stakes and lines defining ground under repair are in such ground. Such stakes are obstructions. A ball is in ground under repair when it lies in or any part of it touches the ground under repair.
Note: The Committee may make a Local Rule prohibiting play from ground under repair or an environmentally-sensitive area defined as ground under repair.
Gutter perched Material used in the manufacture of early golf balls. It was a hard, molded substance made from the sap of several types of Malaysian trees. These balls were in use from 1848 until the early 1900's.